Selection of adaptive gardening elements depending on the climatic potential of the territory: DOI 10.34919/IM.2022.24.3.009

Abstract

In order to develop adaptive technology systems for growing fruit, berry crops and grapes, it is necessary to take into account the main climatic factors that can affect the productivity of plantings. At the same time, it is important to conduct a comparative analysis of the parameters known with the environmental requirements of each crop, as well as to search for varieties, more adapted to the growing conditions in each specific area. The purpose of the research is to develop methodological approaches for choosing the technology of growing basic fruit, berry crops and grapes, taking into account adaptive gardening in the conditions of Crimea and Sevastopol. Research methods: comparative analysis of ecological requirements of crops and climatic conditions of the territory, selection of cultivation technology elements, capable of leveling unfavorable environmental factors, their synthesis into a common system of adaptive agricultural technology for the production of fruit, berry and grape products. Based on the developed database of climatic factors of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (22 weather stations), the criteria of compliance with the requirements of each crop and their individual groups of varieties were selected. A distinction has been made between the possibilities of regulating the needs of culture due to varietal plasticity to external abiotic factors and the possibility of applying certain agrotechnical measures affecting the improvement (adaptation) of environmental conditions for the maximum realization of biological potential of planting productivity. A methodological approach for choosing the technology of growing basic fruit and berry crops and grapes was developed, taking into account the introduction of adaptive gardening elements. For the optimal selection of technique, all possible scenarios of agricultural technology should be taken into account. This will allow achieving high stable productivity of plantings in the future. The mechanism of creating scenarios of adaptive gardening for production cycle of growing crops can be used for further automation to select the cultivation technology.