Keywords
Abstract
Modern economy prescribes the necessity of rapid and efficient
returns of costs invested in horticultural production. It requires an intensification of the industry. One of the ways to achieve this goal is to establish
gardens on clonal rootstocks ensuring high and stable crop-bearing with
fruits of excellent taste, selection of new rootstocks, adapted to the conditions of Crimea and not inferior in terms of the economical and biological
properties to those already recognized in the region. The article highlights
the results of a long-term study of 14 clonal rootstocks in combination
with 2 apple varieties. We determined the power of growth of the graſting
and rootstock pairs in the soil and weather conditions of the Piedmont
Crimea. Combinations of ‘Ascold’ and ‘Renet Simirenko’ varieties with
rootstocks EM – IX, KD 4, KD 5 in terms of crown parameters belong to a
dwarf group. By the power of growth, the trees on K 104 are intermediate
between EM – IX and MM – 106, but they have a well-developed root system
and compact shape of the crown. The obtained combinations come into
fruiting early (in the 2nd–3d year). The average yield of such plantations
is 24.4–30.6 t / ha. The selected rootstocks have great biological potential
and effective economical and biological properties proving to be promising
for southern horticulture