Keywords
Abstract
Untimely taking of decisions on using fungicides against grape molds results in a number of economic losses. Yield losses from molds, developing during the ripening period, can reach 80%. Their progression negatively affects the quality of base wine, bunches of table grape varieties lose their market condition and are unsuitable for further storage. The development of grape mold is facilitated by many microorganisms amongst fungi and bacteria. The data analysis on the development of "summer" molds on the vineyards of Crimea in recent years shows that their pathogens are such micromycetes as Aspergillus niger Tiegh., Rizopus nigricans Ehr., Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link and Penicillium sp., the main losses are caused by black mold pathogens. Preventive measures to protect grapes from molds are the only way to prevent these diseases during the period of grape ripening and harvesting. The research on study of biological effectiveness of fungicides, biological preparations and determining the optimal time of their use were carried out in 2016-2021 in the Laboratory of Plant Protection of the Institute Magarach and on vine plantations of ‘Muscat Blanc’ variety (Livadia branch of FSUE PJSC Massandra) according to the methods and techniques generally accepted in national and international practices. As a result of laboratory screening, the most effective fungicides
and biological preparations in the control of mold pathogens were identified, and the optimal terms for their application were established in field conditions. In future, these results will allow constructing effective preventive protection and minimizing grape yield losses from mold development.