Biological regulation of the use of modern mineral fertilizers on grapes in the conditions of South-Western Crimea: DOI 10.34919/IM.2022.24.3.008

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on biological regulation of the use of modern mineral fertilizer with
microelements Foliaplant and the determination of its effect on cropping capacity, qualitative and uvological indicators of the yield of ‘Muscat Yantarnyi’ table grape variety, carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of South-Western Crimea. It was shown that threefold foliar treatment of grapes with the studied preparation in three different application rates (3 l/ha, 4.5 l/ha and 6 l/ ha) in phenological stages of plant development “beginning of flowering”, “end of flowering” and “berries pea-sized” contributed to an increase in the average bunch weight by 22.2–38.0 g (11.7%–20.1%), and as a result, an increase in the cropping capacity of table grapes by 16.5 c/ha (13.6%), in comparison with the control (121.6 c/ha). It was established that foliar top dressing with the studied mineral fertilizer, with a significant increase in the yield of grape plants, did not lead to a decrease in the concentration of sugars and titratable acids in the juice of grape berries, while the glucoacidometric indicator was on the same level with the control - 18.1%–19.2%. The analysis of mechanical composition of bunches of experimental variants showed an increase in the number of berries by an average of 9.3 pcs (13.7%). A significant increase in the bunch structure indicator was determined when using the studied preparation in the maximum rate of application (6 l/ha) - 8.5%. As a result of organoleptic evaluation of grapes in terms of flavor and aroma of berries, experimental sample of table grapes of ‘Muscat Yantarnyi’ variety stood out against the background of other samples with an application rate of 3 l/ha (7.4 points).