Влияние генотипа и регуляторов роста на развитие растений из зиготических зародышей недоразвитых семян винограда в культуре in vitro

The seeds obtained in crossing of somaclones of ‘Sphinx’ and ‘Ruta’ varieties with hybrid somaclone E-342, ‘Muscat Kryma’ variety and TT-2 seedling, were isolated from berries at the beginning of ripening, disinfected and cross-cuted under sterile conditions in order to study the effect of genotype and growth regulators on the development of plants from zygotic embryos. Then seed segments with embryos were planted in liquid PG medium variants (1995) with adding 10 mg/l thiamine, 5 mg/l nicotinic acid, 5 mg/l paraaminobenzoic acid, and 5 mg/l Ca-pantothenate, which differed in the content of growth regulators: 5 mg/l kinetin, 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 5 mg/l -indolylbutyric acid (IBA), and 0.2 mg/l gibberelic acid (GA3) in different combinations (stage I). Germinating seedlings were replanted into a solid hormone-free PG medium for the development of plants-seedlings from them (stage II). Plants with insufficiently developed shoots were replanted again into a modified liquid PG medium, but with adding 1.5 mg/l BAP (stage III). In order to produce rootable shoots developed from seedlings, aggregates of buds and shoots were subcultured into a hormone-free PG medium (stage IV). Then these shoots were planted in a solid hormone-free PG medium for the development of plants-seedlings from them in the culture in vitro (stage V). Zygotic embryos from seeds (without endosperm) (92 days aſter pollination) of crossing somaclone No. 49 ‘Ruta’ x ‘Muscat Kryma’ germinated and developed at the first and second stages of cultivation in liquid media variants. For the development of full-value plants from underdeveloped embryos of seeds (61 days aſter pollination), obtained as a result of crosses with somaclones No. 87 and No. 89 ‘Sphinx’ used as maternal forms, 2–5 stages were required.